Pakupera kwa1995, World Health Organisation (WHO) yakatara Kurume 24th seWorld Tuberculosis Day.
1 Kunzwisisa TB
Tuberculosis (TB) chirwere chisingaperi chekudya, chinonziwo "chirwere chekudya".Chirwere chinotapuriranwa zvakanyanya chisingaperi chinokonzerwa nemycobacterium tuberculosis inopinda mumuviri wemunhu.Haina kukanganiswa nezera, zvepabonde, rudzi, basa uye nharaunda.Mitezo yakawanda uye zvirongwa zvemuviri wemunhu zvinogona kutambura nechirwere chetachiona, pakati pacho chirwere chetachiona chinonyanya kuwanda.
Tuberculosis chirwere chisingaperi chinotapukira chinokonzerwa neMycobacterium tuberculosis, iyo inopinda nhengo dzemuviri wose.Nekuda kwekuti nzvimbo inotapurira utachiona imapapu, inowanzonzi tuberculosis.
Inopfuura 90% yehutachiona hwehutachiwana hunoparadzirwa kuburikidza nekufema.Varwere veTuberculosis vanotapukirwa nekukosora, kuhotsira, kuita ruzha rukuru, zvichiita kuti madonhwe ane tuberculosis (nemishonga inonzi microdroplets) abudiswe kubva mumuviri uye kufemerwa nevanhu vane hutano.
2 Kurapa kwevarwere veTB
Kurapa zvinodhaka ndicho musimboti wekurapa tibhii.Kuenzaniswa nemamwe marudzi ehutachiona hwehutachiona, kurapwa kwetibhii kunogona kutora nguva yakareba.Kune inoshanda pulmonary tuberculosis, anti-tuberculosis mishonga inofanirwa kutorwa kweinenge mwedzi mitanhatu kusvika 9.Iyo chaiyo mishonga uye nguva yekurapa zvinoenderana nezera remurwere, hutano hwese uye kuramba zvinodhaka.
Kana varwere vasingadi mishonga yemhando yekutanga, inofanirwa kutsiviwa nemishonga yechipiri.Mishonga inowanzoshandiswa pakurapa tibhii remapapu isingarambiki nemishonga inosanganisira isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP), ethambutol (EB), pyrazinamide (PZA) nestreptomycin (SM).Mishonga iyi mishanu inodaidzwa kunzi mishonga yekutanga uye inoshanda kune vanodarika chikamu che80% chevarwere vachangobatwa nechirwere cherurindi.
3 Tuberculosis mubvunzo nemhinduro
Mubvunzo: Chirwere cherurindi chinogona kurapwa here?
A: 90% yevarwere vane pulmonary tuberculosis vanogona kuporeswa mushure mekunge vasimbirira pamishonga yenguva dzose uye kupedza nzira yakatemwa yekurapa (6-9 mwedzi).Chero shanduko yekurapa inofanira kusarudzwa nachiremba.Kana ukasatora mushonga nenguva uye wopedza nzira yekurapa, zvinozotungamira mukushivirira kwemishonga kwechirwere cherurindi.Kamwe kurwisa kwemishonga kunoitika, nzira yekurapa icharebeswa uye zvinozotungamira mukukundikana kurapwa.
Mubvunzo: Chii chinofanira kutariswa nevarwere veTB panguva yekurapa?
A: Kana waonekwa kuti une tibhii, unofanira kugara uchirapwa chirwere cherurindi nekukurumidza, tevera mazano achiremba, tora mushonga nenguva, ongorora nguva nenguva uye kuvaka chivimbo.1. Chenjerera kuzorora uye kusimbisa chikafu;2. Chenjerera utsanana hwako, uye vhara muromo wako nemhino nemachira emapepa paunenge uchikosora kana kuhotsira;3. Deredza kubuda uye kupfeka mask kana iwe uchifanira kubuda.
Mubvunzo: Chirwere cherurindi chichiri kutapurirana mushure mekurapwa here?
A: Mushure mekurapa kwakamisikidzwa, hutachiona hwevarwere vepulmonary tuberculosis kazhinji hunoderera nekukurumidza.Mushure memavhiki mashomanana ekurapwa, nhamba yebhakitiriya yetibhii mu sputum ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya.Vazhinji varwere vane non-infectious pulmonary tuberculosis vanopedza nguva yese yekurapa maererano nehurongwa hwekurapa hwakatemerwa.Mushure mekusvika pachiyero chekurapa, hapana tuberculosis mabhakitiriya anogona kuwanikwa musputum, saka ivo havachatapukira.
Mubvunzo: Chirwere cherurindi chichiri kutapurirana mushure mekurapwa here?
A: Mushure mekurapa kwakamisikidzwa, hutachiona hwevarwere vepulmonary tuberculosis kazhinji hunoderera nekukurumidza.Mushure memavhiki mashomanana ekurapwa, nhamba yebhakitiriya yetibhii mu sputum ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya.Vazhinji varwere vane non-infectious pulmonary tuberculosis vanopedza nguva yese yekurapa maererano nehurongwa hwekurapa hwakatemerwa.Mushure mekusvika pachiyero chekurapa, hapana tuberculosis mabhakitiriya anogona kuwanikwa musputum, saka ivo havachatapukira.
Tuberculosis solution
Macro & Micro-Test inopa zvinotevera zvigadzirwa:
Kuonekwa kweMTB (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) nucleic acid
1. Kuunzwa kwemukati wekutarisa kunaka kwekutonga muhurongwa kunogona kunyatso tarisa maitiro ekuyedza uye kuve nechokwadi chekuyedza mhando.
2. PCR amplification uye fluorescent probe inogona kusanganiswa.
3. High senitivity: iyo shoma yekuona muganhu ndeye 1 mabhakitiriya / mL.
Kuonekwa kweisoniazid kuramba muMTB
1. Kuunzwa kwemukati wekutarisa kunaka kwekutonga muhurongwa kunogona kunyatso tarisa maitiro ekuyedza uye kuve nechokwadi chekuyedza mhando.
2. Kuzvigadzirisa-kuvharidzira mutation system yakagamuchirwa, uye nzira yekubatanidza teknolojia yeARMS neprobe yefluorescent yakagamuchirwa.
3. High senitivity: muganhu wekuona zvishoma ndeye 1000 mabhakitiriya / mL, uye iyo isina kuenzana yemishonga inopesana nemishonga ine 1% kana yakawanda mutant strains inogona kuonekwa.
4. High specificity: Hapana kupesana kwemuchinjikwa nekuchinja kwe (511, 516, 526 uye 531) nzvimbo ina dzinopikisa zvinodhaka zve rpoB gene.
Kuonekwa kwekuchinja kweMTB uye Rifampicin Resistance
1. Kuunzwa kwemukati wekutarisa kunaka kwekutonga muhurongwa kunogona kunyatso tarisa maitiro ekuyedza uye kuve nechokwadi chekuyedza mhando.
2. Nzira yekunyunguduka yakasanganiswa neyakavharwa fluorescent probe ine mabhesi eRNA yakashandiswa pakuona in vitro amplification.
3. High senitivity: iyo shoma yekuona muganhu ndeye 50 mabhakitiriya / mL.
4. High specificity: hapana kupindirana kwemuchinjikwa nejenome revanhu, mamwe manontuberculous mycobacteria uye utachiona hwemabayo;Nzvimbo dzekuchinja dzemamwe majini asingaurayiwi nemishonga emusango-rudzi mycobacterium tuberculosis, senge katG 315G>C\A neInhA -15 C>T, zvakaonekwa, uye mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kusapindirana.
MTB nucleic acid kuongororwa (EPIA)
1. Kuunzwa kwemukati wekutarisa kunaka kwekutonga muhurongwa kunogona kunyatso tarisa maitiro ekuyedza uye kuve nechokwadi chekuyedza mhando.
2. Iyo enzyme digestion probe inogara tembiricha yekusimudzira nzira inogamuchirwa, uye nguva yekuona ipfupi, uye mhedzisiro yekuona inogona kuwanikwa mumaminetsi makumi matatu.
3. Yakasanganiswa neMacro & Micro-Test sampuli yekuburitsa agent uye Macro & Micro-Test inogara tembiricha nucleic acid amplification analyzer, iri nyore kushanda uye yakakodzera kune dzakasiyana siyana.
4. High senitivity: iyo shoma yekuona muganhu ndeye 1000Copies / mL.
5. Yakanyanya kujeka: Hapana kupesana kwepamuchinjikwa nemamwe mycobacteria ye-non-tuberculosis mycobacteria complex (yakadai seMycobacterium kansas, Mycobacterium Sukarnica, Mycobacterium marinum, nezvimwewo) nezvimwe zvirwere (zvakadai seStreptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, etc. .).
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-22-2024