Mpox Global Update uye Advanced Diagnostics

1. Kuvandudzwa kweMpox Pasi Pose paEpidemiological (kubva munaKurume 2026)

Mpox, inokonzerwa nehutachiona hweMonkeypox (MPXV), ichiri dambudziko guru rehutano hweveruzhinji pasi rose kunyangwe yakaguma kunzi Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) neWorld Health Organization. Kupararira kuri kuramba kuchiitika munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kunoratidza kudiwa kwekutariswa kwenguva refu uye kugona kwepamusoro kwekuongorora.

Kubva pakatanga denda renyika dzakawanda muna 2022, vanhu vanosvika 128,000 vakabatwa nechirwere ichi vakasimbiswa murabhoritari uye vanhu 281 vakafa vakashumwa munyika dzinopfuura 130 [1]. Muna 2025 chete, vanhu 50,751 vakabatwa nechirwere ichi uye vanhu 206 vakafa vakanyorwa munyika 96, uye vanhu vanodarika 90% vakabatwa nechirwere ichi muAfrica. Zvinoshamisa kuti, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sierra Leone, neUganda vaiva nevanhu vanosvika 32,000, zvichiratidza kuti vanhu vakawanda vari mudunhu iri [1].

Marudzi ese makuru eMPXV clades (Ia, Ib, uye II) ari kuramba achipararira. Kubuda nekupararira kweClade Ib pasi rose—kusanganisira kuwanikwa kwekutanga muCzech Republic, Israel, Madagascar, neNepal—pamwe chete nekupararira kwakanyorwa munharaunda muFrance, Italy, neSpain, zvinoratidza kuti chirwere ichi chapararira.shanduko yekuchinja kwesimba rekutapurirana[1].

2. Zviratidzo zveKliniki uye Matambudziko ekuongorora chirwere

Mpox ine zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvechirwere ichi, kubva pautachiona husina zviratidzo kusvika kuzvirwere zvakakomba zvemuviri. Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvinosanganisirafivha, musoro, lymphadenopathy, myalgia, uye kunetanezvimwewo.Mapundu anoonekwa anoshanduka kuburikidzamatanho e macular, papular, vesicular, uye pustular asati aita crust, uye zvinogona kusanganisirakumeso, makumbo, mucosa yemuromo, uye nzvimbo dzemazino.

Kunyange hazvo nyaya zhinji dzichizviganhurira mukati memavhiki maviri kusvika mana, migumisiro yakaipa inowanzoonekwa muvanhu vasina dziviriro, kusanganisiravacheche, vakadzi vane pamuviri, uye vanhu vane dziviriro yemuviri inoderera(semuenzaniso, hutachiona hweHIV hwakanyanya) [2].

Kuwedzera kwekuonekwa kwezviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki uye zvisina kusimba, kusanganisira nyaya dzisina zviratidzo, kunounza matambudziko makuru ekuongorora chirwere. Izvi zvinosimbisa kukosha kwakakosha kwekuongororwa kwakanyatsojeka, kwakanangana, uye nekukurumidza kutsigira kuonekwa kwekutanga uye kukanganisa nzira dzekutumirana kwezvirwere.

3. Kudzivirira, Kudzora, uye Basa reKuongorora

Kutapurirana kweMPXV kunoitika nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kubata zvakananga maronda kana mvura yemuviri, madonhwe ekufema panguva yekubatana kwenguva refu, kutapurirana pabonde, mafomite ane utachiona, uye kutapurirana kwakamira.

Matanho makuru ekudzora anosanganisira:

• -Kukurumidza kuziva uye kupatsanura nyaya
• -Kutevera vanhu vanosangana navo uye kuongorora munharaunda
• -Kutaurirana nezvenjodzi uye kupindira mumaitiro
• -Kubaya majekiseni ekudzivirira kupararira kwechirwere panguva yekusangana nechirwere uye mushure mekusangana nacho

WHO inosimbisa kukosha kwekusimbisa kugona kwemurabhoritari uye kuisa zvirongwa zvekurapamaturusi akakodzera ekuongorora akagadzirirwa nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehutano—kubva pakuongororwa nekukurumidza kusvika kumapuratifomu ekuongorora genomic ari pakati nepakati[1].

4. Macro & Micro-Test: Mhinduro Dzakabatana Dzekuongorora Dzinotungamirwa neKuvandudzwa Kwetekinoroji

Zvichienderana nekushanduka kwechirwere cheMpox epidemiology, Macro & Micro-Test yakagadzira portfolio yakazara, ine mapuratifomu akawanda ekuongorora, ichiratidza hunyanzvi hwakasimba mukugadzira bvunzo, mainjiniya emamorekuru, uye mashandisirwo ekushandura.

4.1 Kuongororwa Kwekukurumidza Kwemushonga Weropa: Kuongororwa Kwenzvimbo Yekutarisira Kunowanikwa

Kambani iyi inopa mukana wekuona zvinhu nekukurumidza, pasina michina mukati memaminitsi gumi kusvika makumi maviri, ichitsigira kuyedzwa kwakaparadzaniswa uye kuongororwa kwakakura:

• Kiti Yekuona Maantigen (HWTS-OT079):
  • Kutora sampuli kuri nyore (mvura yeganda/swab yemuromo, serum)
  • Muganho wekuona (LoD): 20 pg/mL
  • Kufukidzwa kwenzvimbo dzakafara (Clade I & II)
  • Hapana kusangana kwezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyanazvakafananamavhairasi
  • Chibvumirano chepakati pese (OPA): 96.4% zvichienzaniswa nekuyedzwa kwekuwedzera kweasidhi ye nucleic (NAATs)
• Kiti yeKuona MaAntibody yeIgM/IgG (HWTS-OT145):
  • Kutora sampuro kuri nyore (ropa rose, seramu, plasma)
  • Inoona IgM neIgG kuti isarudze matanho ehutachiona hwepox
  • Zvakakodzera kuongororwa kweropa

Kuyedza uku kwakagadzirirwa kugadzikana (4–30°C, mwedzi makumi maviri nemana), zvichigadzirisa zvipingamupinyi zvemarongero munzvimbo dzisina zviwanikwa zvakawanda.

4.2 Kuwedzerwa kweIsothermal (EPIA): Kuonekwa kweMorekuru nekukurumidza zvikuru

Kiti yekuona nucleic acid yakavakirwa paEPIA (HWTS-OT200) inomiririra kufambira mberi kukuru mukuongorora nekukurumidza kwemamorekuru:

• LoD: 200 makopi/mL (yakafanana neqPCR)
• Nguva yekuva nepfungwa dzakanaka: nekukurumidza semaminitsi mashanu
• Kuedzwa kuri kuitwa panguva yekudiwa kunogoneswa nemamodule akazvimiririra eEasy Amp System
• Mushonga wakapfava unogonesa kuchengetedza tembiricha yemukamuri
• Kushanda kwekiriniki: (PPA: 100%, NPA: 100%, OPA: 100%) (Kappa = 1.000)

Zvakakosha kuti bvunzo iyi inoratidza kuti hapana kusangana kwezvirwere zve orthopoxviruses (smallpox, vaccinia, cowpox) kana common herpesviruses (HSV, VZV), zvichiratidza kunyatsoongorora kwakawanda.

4.3 Fluorescence qPCR: Kuongororwa kweHigh-Sensitivity, Kuzivikanwa neWHO

Macro & Micro-Test's fluorescence PCR portfolio inoratidza kutevedzera kwayo mitemo yepasi rose uye kuzivikanwa kwayo nemitemo:

• HWTS-OT071 (WHO EUL-yakanyorwa):
  • Dhizaini ine zvinangwa zviviri inoita kuti irambe yakasimba
  • LoD: makopi 200/mL
  • Kutora sampuli yemvura yemapundu, swab yehuro uye serum inochinjika
  • Kunyatsojeka kwakanyanya pasina reactivity inosanganisirwashutachiona hwemallpox, hutachiona hwevaccinia, hutachiona hwecowpox, hutachiona hwemousepox, hutachiona hweherpes simplex, hutachiona hwevaricella-zoster, uye genome yevanhu, nezvimwewo..
  • Kushanda kwekiriniki: PPA 100%, NPA 99.40%, OPA 99.64% vs kutevedzana
• Kiti yeQPCR yakaomeswa nechando (HWTS-OT078):
  
  • Inobvisa kuvimba ne "cold-chain" uku ichiramba ichishanda zvakanaka
  • Kiti Yekuona Orthopox Universal (HWTS-OT072):
    • Kuonekwa panguva imwe chete kwehutachiona hwe orthopox hwevanhu vana panguva imwe chete(Mpox yakabatanidzwa)
    • LoD: makopi 200/mL
    • Kunyatsojeka pasina reactivity inopindirana nezvirwere zvakafanana
    • Inoderedza njodzi yekuongororwa zvisirizvo uye inowedzera kuonekwa kwakasiyana
    • Utachiona hweMonkeypoxKiti yekunyora (HWTS-OT201):
      • Inogonesa kusiyanisa kwakanyatsojeka pakati peClade I neClade II
      • LoD: makopi 200/mL
      • Zvakakosha pakutsvaga nekuongorora kupararira kwezvirwere

  4.4 Kutevedzana kweGenome Yese: Kugonesa Kuongororwa kweGenomic uye Kutevera Kusiyana

  Macro & Micro-Test inoratidzawo hunyanzvi hwepamusoro mu genomics yezvirwere kuburikidza nemhinduro dzayo dzekutevera ma genome ese:

  • TsokopokisiKiti yeGenome Yese yeVirus Universal (Multi-PCR NGS) (HWTS-TW0042):
    • Nguva yekuchinja: maawa 6-8
    • ≥98% kufukidza majini (Ct ≤32)
    • Kuenderana kwakachinjika neakawanda2^nd uye 3^rd chizvarwamapuratifomu ekutevedzana(ONT, Qi Carbon, Salus, Illumina, MGI…)
    • Inonzwa zvakanyanyaTsokopokisiUtachiona Kuonekwa Kwemajini EseKits (Illumina/MGI) (HWTS-TW0041/0043):
      • Muganho wekuona: Ct ≤35
      • Dhizaini yeprimer ine huwandu hwakanyanya (1,448)mapeya e200bpmaamplicons)
      • Yakasimbiswa nemasampuli ekiriniki anopfuura 400
      • Fkuenderana kwakajeka neakawanda2^nd chizvarwamapuratifomu ekutevedzana(Qi Carbon, Salus, Illumina, MGI…)

   
  

  Nhamba dzekiriniki dzeMpox Virus Whole Genome Sequencing

  

  Kufukidzwa kweMpox Virus Whole Genome Sequencing

  Aya maMpox WGS kits anotsigira genomic epidemiology ine resolution yepamusoro, kusanganisira kuteverwa kwekuchinja kwemasero, kurongwa kwekutapurirana kwemasero, uye ongororo yekushanduka-shanduka kwemasero.

  5. Mhedziso: Kufambira mberi Kudzora Mpox Pasirose Kuburikidza Nehunyanzvi hweSainzi

  Kuenderera mberi kwekutenderera kweropa pasi rose uye kupatsanurwa kwemajini eMPXV kunoda nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuongorora chirwere ichi dzinosanganisira kuongororwa nekukurumidza, kuongororwa kwemamorekuru, uye kuongororwa kwemajini.

  Maitiro ekuongorora eMacro & Micro-Test anoratidza hunyanzvi hwesainzi hwakasimba munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzetekinoroji, kusanganisira kuongororwa kwezvirwere mumuviri, kuwedzera kwemafuta mumuviri, PCR chaiyo, uye kutevedzana kwechizvarwa chinotevera. Mhinduro idzi hadzingogadziri chete zvinodiwa pari zvino uye zvehutano hweveruzhinji asiwo dzinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvepasi rose uye nzira dziri kubuda dzekuongorora.

  Nekugonesa kuonekwa nekukurumidza, kusiyanisa kwakarurama kwemavara, uye kutarisa majini panguva chaiyo, kambani inoita basa rakakosha mukusimbisa kugadzirira kwepasi rose uye kupindura kupox nedzimwe zvirwere zvinotapukira zviri kubuda.

  Mareferensi:

  [1] WHO. Mpox Global Situation Reports.Kurume, 2026, Geneva: World Health Organization; 2026
  [2] WHO. Kutarisirwa kweKliniki neKudzivirira Kutapukirwa kweMpox. Chivabvu 2025, Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025