1 chii chinonzi malaria
Malaria chirwere chinodziviririka uye chinorapika, chinowanzozivikanwa se "kuzunungusa" uye "cold fever", uye chimwe chezvirwere zvinotapukira zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwevanhu pasi rose.
Malaria chirwere chinotapuriranwa nezvipembenene chinokonzerwa nekurumwa neAnopheles kana kuwedzerwa ropa kubva kuvanhu vane plasmodium.
Kune marudzi mana eplasmodium parasitic pamuviri wemunhu:
2 nzvimbo dzedenda
Kusvika pari zvino, denda repasi rose remalaria richiri rakaipisisa, uye vangangosvika 40% yevagari vepasi vanogara munzvimbo dzine marariya.
Malaria ichiri chirwere chakaipisisa mukondinendi yeAfrica, vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni mazana mashanu vanogara munzvimbo dzine marariya. Gore rega rega, vanhu vanosvika miriyoni zana pasi rose vane zviratidzo zvemalaria, 90% yavo vari mukondinendi yeAfrica, uye vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni maviri vanofa nemarariya gore rega. Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva nepakati peAsia inzvimbowo dzine marariya. Marariya ichiri kupararira muCentral neSouth America.
Musi waChikumi 30, 2021, WHO yakazivisa kuti China yakapihwa setifiketi isina marariya.
3 nzira yekutapurirana nayo marariya
01. Kutapurirwa neumhutu
Nzira huru yekufambisa:
Kurumwa nemosquito inotakura plasmodium.
02. Kuendesa ropa
Congenital malaria inogona kukonzerwa ne placenta yakakuvara kana ropa raamai rine plasmodium panguva yekusununguka.
Pamusoro pezvo, zvinokwanisikawo kutapukirwa nemarariya kuburikidza nekutenga ropa rine plasmodium kubva kunze kwenyika.
4 Kuratidzwa kwemarariya
Kubva pakutapukirwa kwevanhu neplasmodium kusvika pakatanga (tembiricha yemuromo inopfuura 37.8 ℃), inonzi incubation period.
Iyo incubation nguva inosanganisira iyo yose infrared nguva uye yekutanga kubereka kutenderera kweiyo tsvuku nguva. General vivax marariya, ovoid marariya kwemazuva gumi nemana, falciparum marariya kwemazuva gumi nemaviri, uye marariya yemazuva matatu kwemazuva makumi matatu.
Huwandu hwakasiyana hwehutachiona hweprotozoa, mhando dzakasiyana, kusadzivirirwa kwevanhu kwakasiyana uye nzira dzakasiyana dzehutachiona zvese zvinogona kukonzera akasiyana incubation nguva.
Kune anonzi marefu latency tupembenene strains munzvimbo dzine mwero, izvo zvinogona kureba se8 ~ 14 mwedzi.
The incubation nguva yehutachiona hwekuwedzerwa ropa ndeye 7 ~ 10 mazuva. Fetal malaria ine nguva pfupi yekudyara.
Iyo incubation nguva inogona kuwedzerwa kune vanhu vane imwe immune immune kana avo vakatora mishonga yekudzivirira.
5 Kudzivirira uye kurapwa
01. Malaria inoparadzirwa nehumhutu. Kudzivirirwa pachako ndicho chinhu chakakosha kudzivirira kurumwa neumhutu. Kunyanya kunze, edza kupfeka zvipfeko zvinodzivirira, zvakadai semaoko marefu uye tirauzi. Ganda rinobuda pachena rinogona kuzorwa nemishonga inodzinga umhutu.
02. Ita basa rakanaka mukuchengetedza mhuri, shandisa mambure ekudzivirira mosquito, magonhi anovhara uye mascreen, uye kumwaya mishonga inouraya mosquito mumba yekurara usati warara.
03. Ngwarira kucheneswa kwezvakatipoteredza, bvisa marara nemasora, zadza makomba etsvina, uye ita basa rakanaka mukudzora mosquito.
mhinduro
Macro-Micro & Testyakagadzira nhevedzano yemakiti ekuona ekuona marariya, ayo anogona kuiswa kune fluorescence PCR papuratifomu, isothermal amplification chikuva uye immunochromatography papuratifomu, uye inopa yakazara uye yakazara mhinduro yekuongororwa, kuongororwa kwekurapa uye kufungidzira kwehutachiona hweplasmodium:
01 / immunochromatographic chikuva
Plasmodium Falciparum/Plasmodium Vivax AntigenDetection Kit
Plasmodium falciparum antigen yekuona kit
Plasmodium antigen yekuona kit
Inokodzera kutariswa kwemhando uye kuzivikanwa kwePlasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium vivax (PV), Plasmodium ovatum (PO) kana Plasmodium vivax (PM) muropa re venous kana capillary ropa revanhu vane marariya zviratidzo uye zviratidzo mu vitro, uye inogona kuita yekubatsira kuongororwa kwehutachiona hweplasmodium.
Kushanda kuri nyore: nzira nhatu-nhanho
Kuchengetera tembiricha yekamuri uye yekufambisa: Kuchengetera tembiricha yekamuri uye chekufambisa kwemwedzi makumi maviri nemana.
Mhedzisiro yakarurama: high senitivity & specificity.
02/fluorescent PCR chikuva
Plasmodium nucleic acid yekuona kit
Inokodzera kutariswa kwemhando uye kuzivikanwa kwePlasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium vivax (PV), Plasmodium ovatum (PO) kana Plasmodium vivax (PM) muropa re venous kana capillary ropa revanhu vane marariya zviratidzo uye zviratidzo mu vitro, uye inogona kuita yekubatsira kuongororwa kwehutachiona hweplasmodium.
Internal referensi yemhando yekudzora: nyatso tarisa maitiro ekuyedza kuti uve nechokwadi chekuyedza mhando.
Kunzwa kwakanyanya: 5 Makopi / μL
High specificity: hapana muchinjiko kuita neakajairika kufema utachiona.
03 / Nguva dzose tembiricha amplification chikuva.
Plasmodium nucleic acid yekuona kit
Yakakodzera kuongororwa kwemhando yeplasmodium nucleic acid mumasampuli eropa anofungidzirwa kuti ane utachiona hweplasmodium.
Internal referensi yemhando yekudzora: nyatso tarisa maitiro ekuyedza kuti uve nechokwadi chekuyedza mhando.
Kunzwa kwakanyanya: 5 Makopi / μL
High specificity: hapana muchinjiko kuita neakajairika kufema utachiona.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-26-2024