Nekufamba kwenguva, bhuku rekare rekuti "Industrial Management and General Management" rinoburitsa pachena kukosha kwehutungamiriri. Mubhuku iri, henri fayol haangotipe chete girazi rakasiyana rinoratidza uchenjeri hwehutungamiriri munguva yeindasitiri, asiwo rinoburitsa pachena misimboti yehutungamiriri, iyo kushanda kwayo kunopfuura miganhu yenguva. Hazvina mhosva kuti uri muindasitiri ipi, bhuku iri richakutungamirira kuti uongorore zvakadzama kukosha kwehutungamiriri uye kukurudzira mafungiro ako matsva pamusoro pemaitiro ehutungamiriri.
Saka, chii chakaita kuti bhuku iri rionekwe seBhaibheri rehutungamiriri kwemakore anoda kusvika zana? Joyina musangano wekugovana kuverenga weSuzhou Group nekukurumidza, verengai basa iri rakanaka nesu, uye koshesai simba rehutungamiriri pamwe chete, kuitira kuti rigone kupenya zvakanaka pakufambira mberi kwenyu!
Chiedza chepfungwa chakafanana nechiedza chemba yemwenje.
Inobatsira chete kune vanhu vanoziva nzira yekushandisa nzira iyi.
Henri fayol [France]
Henri Fayol，1841.7.29-1925.12
Nyanzvi yezvekutarisira, nyanzvi yezvekutarisira, nyanzvi yezve geology uye murwiri wehurumende vanokudzwa se "baba vedzidziso yekutarisira" nezvizvarwa zvinotevera, mumwe wevamiriri vakuru vedzidziso yezvekutarisira yekare, uye muvambi wechikoro chemaitiro ekutarisira.
Kutarisira Maindasitiri neKutarisira Kwakajairwa ndiyo hunyanzvi hwake hunonyanya kukosha, uye kupedzwa kwayo kunoratidza kuumbwa kwedzidziso yekutarisira kwakajairwa.
Kutarisira Maindasitiri neKutarisira Kwakajairwa ibhuku rekare rakanyorwa nenyanzvi yezvekutarisira yeFrance henri fayol. Chinyorwa chekutanga chakabudiswa muna 1925. Iri bhuku haringoratidzi chete kuzvarwa kwedzidziso yekutarisira kwakajairwa, asiwo ibhuku rekare rinogadzira nguva.
Bhuku iri rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri:
Chikamu chekutanga chinokurukura kukosha uye mukana wekudzidziswa kwehutungamiriri;
Chikamu chechipiri chinokurukura misimboti nezvinhu zvehutungamiriri.
Manzwiro enhengo dzechikwata 01
Wu Pengpeng, He Xiuli
【 Pfupiso】Kutungamira kuronga, kuronga, kutungamira, kubatanidza uye kutonga. Mabasa ekutungamira akasiyana zviri pachena nemamwe mabasa ekutanga, saka usavhiringidze mabasa ekutungamira nemabasa ekutungamira.
[Kunzwisisa] Kutungamira hakusi kugona kunoda makambani ari pakati nepakati nepamusoro chete. Kutungamira ibasa rekutanga iro vatungamiriri nenhengo dzechikwata vanofanira kushandisa. Kazhinji pane vamwe vanhu vanoshanda, vakaita sekuti: "Ndiri mainjiniya chete, handifanire kuziva manejimendi, ndinongoda kushanda." Uku kufunga kusina kururama. Kutungamira chinhu chinofanira kutorwa nevanhu vese vari muchirongwa, sekugadzira chirongwa cheprojekiti: kuti basa rinotarisirwa kupedzwa kwenguva yakareba sei, uye njodzi dzipi dzichasangana nadzo. Kana vatori vechikamu veprojekiti vasingafungi nezvazvo, chirongwa chakapihwa nemutungamiriri wechikwata hachigoneki, uye zvakafanana kune vamwe. Munhu wese anofanira kuva nemutoro wemabasa ake uye mabasa ekutarisira maekisesaizi.
Qin Yajun uye Chen Yi
Pfupiso: Hurongwa hwekuita hunoratidza mhedzisiro inofanira kuwanikwa, uye panguva imwe chete hunopa nzira yekutevera, matanho anofanira kuyambukwa uye nzira dzinofanira kushandiswa.
[Kunzwa] Zvirongwa zvekuita zvinogona kutibatsira kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvedu zvinobudirira uye kuvandudza kunaka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwebasa redu. Pachinangwa, sezvataurwa mukudzidziswa kweETP, chinofanira kuva nechido, chakavimbika mukuongorora, chemwoyo wose, nzira yekuvaka, uye nguva isingamiriri munhu (HEART criterion). Wobva washandisa chishandiso chekutarisira bamboo ORM kuti uongorore zvinangwa zvinoenderana, nzira uye matanho emabasa anofanira kuitwa, uye isa nguva yakajeka yedanho rega rega nedanho kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chirongwa chinopedzwa nenguva.
Jiang Jian Zhang Qi Iye Yanchen
Pfupiso: Tsananguro yesimba inoenderana nebasa, uye mukurumbira wemunhu unobva muuchenjeri, ruzivo, ruzivo, tsika dzakanaka, tarenda rekutungamira, kuzvipira nezvimwewo. Semutungamiri akanaka, mukurumbira wemunhu unoita basa rinokosha mukuwedzera simba rakatarwa.
[Manzwiro] Mukudzidza kwehutungamiriri, zvakakosha kuti pave nekuenzanisa hukama huripo pakati pesimba nemukurumbira. Kunyange hazvo simba richigona kupa simba nepesvedzero kune vatungamiriri, mukurumbira wemunhu wakakosha zvakaenzana kune vatungamiriri. Maneja ane mukurumbira mukuru anowanzo kuwana rutsigiro nerutsigiro rwevashandi, nokudaro zvichisimudzira kukura kwesangano zvinobudirira. Vatungamiriri vanogona kuvandudza ruzivo rwavo nehunyanzvi hwavo kuburikidza nekudzidza nekuita nguva dzose; Kugadzira mufananidzo wakanaka wetsika kuburikidza nehunhu hwakatendeseka uye hwakavimbika, husina rusarura; Kuvaka hukama hwakadzama pakati pevanhu nekutarisira vashandi uye kuteerera pfungwa dzavo nemazano avo; Kuratidza maitiro ehutungamiriri kuburikidza nemweya wekutora mutoro uye kushinga kutora mutoro. Vatungamiriri vanofanirwa kungwarira kukudziridza nekuchengetedza mukurumbira wavo pavanenge vachishandisa simba. Kuvimba zvakanyanya nesimba kunogona kutungamira mukusada kwevashandi, nepo kuregeredza mukurumbira kunogona kukanganisa simba revatungamiriri. Naizvozvo, vatungamiriri vanofanirwa kuwana chiyero pakati pesimba nemukurumbira kuitira kuti vawane mhedzisiro yakanaka yehutungamiriri.
Wu Pengpeng Ding Songlin Zuva Wen
Pfupiso: Munzvimbo dzese dzemagariro evanhu, mweya wekuvandudza zvinhu zvitsva unogona kukurudzira kufarira kwevanhu basa uye kuwedzera kufamba kwavo. Pamusoro pemweya wekuvandudza wevatungamiriri, mweya wekuvandudza wevashandi vese unokoshawo. Uye unogona kuwedzera chimiro ichocho kana zvichidikanwa. Iri ndiro simba rinoita kuti kambani isimbe, kunyanya munguva dzakaoma.
[Kunzwa] Mweya wekuvandudza zvinhu zvitsva isimba guru rinosimudzira kufambira mberi kwevanhu, kukura kwebhizinesi uye kukura kwevanhu. Hazvina mhosva hurumende, makambani kana vanhu, vanofanirwa kugara vachigadzira zvinhu zvitsva kuti vajairane nemamiriro ezvinhu anogara achichinja. Mweya wekuvandudza zvinhu unogona kukurudzira kufarira kwevanhu basa. Kana vashandi vachifarira basa ravo, vachazvipira zvakanyanya kubasa ravo, nokudaro vachivandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwebasa uye mhando. Uye mweya wekuvandudza zvinhu zvitsva ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakakosha zvinokurudzira kufarira kwevashandi. Nekugara vachiedza nzira itsva, matekinoroji matsva uye mazano matsva, vashandi vanogona kuwana mufaro mubasa ravo uye nekudaro vachida basa ravo zvakanyanya. Mweya wekuvandudza zvinhu unogona kuwedzera kufamba kwevanhu. Pakutarisana nematambudziko nematambudziko, vashandi vane mweya wekuvandudza zvinhu vanogona kusangana nematambudziko uye kuedza mhinduro itsva neushingi. Mweya uyu wekutsunga kupikisa haugone kungobatsira mabhizinesi kukunda matambudziko chete, asiwo kuunza mikana yakawanda yekukura kwevashandi.
Zhang Dan, Kong Qingling
Pfupiso: Kudzora kune basa mune zvese, izvo zvinogona kudzora vanhu, zvinhu nemaitiro ese. Kubva pamaonero ehutungamiriri, kudzora ndekwekuona kuti zvirongwa zvebhizinesi zvinogadzirwa, zvinoitwa uye kugadziriswa nenguva, nezvimwewo.
[Kunzwa] Kudzora zvinoreva kuenzanisa kana basa rega rega richienderana nehurongwa, kuwana zvikanganiso nezvikanganiso mubasa, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti hurongwa hwaitwa. Kutungamira inzira, uye tinowanzo sangana nematambudziko, saka tinofanira kufunga nezveramangwana: kuti tingazvidzora sei.
"Zvinoitwa nevanhu hazvisi zvaunokumbira, asi ndizvo zvaunotarisa." Munguva yekuumbwa kwekukura kwevashandi, kazhinji kune vatungamiriri vane chivimbo chekuti vanzwisisa hurongwa hwakazara uye kurongeka, asi pane zvisipo uye kutsauka mukuita kwekuita. Tichitarisa kumashure nekuongorora, tinogona kuwana zvakawanda kuburikidza nekuita kwekuongorora pamwe chete, tobva tapfupisa zvabuda muzvinhu zvakakosha. Kugadzira kunoshanda zvikuru mukuita kwekuita. Kunyangwe paine hurongwa, dhizaini uye kurongeka, zvakakosha kutarisa uye kudzokorora nzira yekutaurirana yakanangana.
Chechitatu, pasi pechinangwa chakagadzwa, tinofanira kuronga zviwanikwa kuburikidza nekutaurirana, kupatsanura chinangwa, "chinangwa chaani, chinangwa chaani", kuronga zvinodiwa nevatungamiriri vemapurojekiti nenguva, kuronga nekubatsira kuti vazadzise chinangwa ichi zvinobudirira.
02 Mashoko emudzidzisi
Bhuku rinonzi Industrial Management and General Management ibasa rekare munyaya dzehutungamiriri, iro rinokosha zvikuru pakunzwisisa nekunzwisisa dzidziso nemaitiro ehutungamiriri. Chekutanga, Fa Yueer anoona hutungamiriri sebasa rakazvimirira uye anohusiyanisa nemamwe mabasa ebhizinesi. Maonero aya anotipa maonero matsva ekutarisa hutungamiriri uye anotibatsira kunzwisisa zviri nani kukosha kwehutungamiriri. Panguva imwe chete, Fa Yueer anofunga kuti hutungamiriri inzira yeruzivo yakarongeka, inogona kushandiswa kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana esangano, iyo inotipa chiono chakazara chekutarisa hutungamiriri.
Chechipiri, misimboti gumi nemana yekutungamira yakataurwa naFa Yueer inokosha zvikuru pakutungamira maitiro emakambani uye maitiro evatungamiriri. Misimboti iyi yakagadzirirwa kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvemakambani, zvakaita sekugovaniswa kwevashandi, simba nebasa, chirango, kuraira kwakabatana, hutungamiriri hwakabatana nezvimwewo. Misimboti iyi ndiyo misimboti yekutanga inofanirwa kuteverwa mukutungamira mabhizinesi uye inoita basa rakakosha mukuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye mabhenefiti emabhizinesi.
Pamusoro pezvo, zvinhu zvishanu zvekutonga zvaFa Yueer, zvinoti, kuronga, kuronga, kuraira, kubatanidza uye kutonga, zvinotipa hurongwa hwakazara hwekunzwisisa maitiro uye musimboti wekutungamira. Zvinhu zvishanu izvi zvinoumba hurongwa hwekutungamira, hunokosha zvikuru pakutitungamira kushandisa dzidziso yekutungamira mukuita. Chekupedzisira, ndinonyatsokoshesa musanganiswa waFa Yueer wekufunga kwakanyatsojeka uye kwakadzama kwenzira dzakawanda dzekufunga dzeuzivi mubhuku rake. Izvi zvinoita kuti bhuku iri risangova bhuku rekare rekutungamira, asiwo bhuku rizere neuchenjeri nechiedza. Nekuverenga bhuku iri, tinogona kunzwisisa zvakadzama pfungwa nekukosha kwekutungamira, kugona dzidziso nemaitiro ekutungamira, uye kupa nhungamiro nechiedza chebasa redu remangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-06-2023