Dambudziko Riri Kukura Rekusabatwa Nemishonga Inorwisa Mabhakitiriya
Kukurumidza kuwedzera kwekusakwanisa kurwisa mabhakitiriya (AMR) ndeimwe yematambudziko makuru ehutano pasi rose munguva yedu. Sangano reWorld Health Organization rakanyora MRSA sechirwere chinotapukira. Pakati pezvirwere zvisingadi kurapwa, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) inonyanya kunetsa. Sekureva kweGlobal Burden of Disease study yakaburitswa muThe Lancet (2024), kufa kwakakonzerwa neMRSA kwakawedzera kubva pa57,200 muna 1990 kusvika pa130,000 muna 2021 - kuwedzera kwakapetwa kaviri mumakore makumi matatu [1]. Chidzidzo ichi chinofungidzirawo kuti panosvika 2050, vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni makumi mana vanogona kurasikirwa nehupenyu hwavo nekuda kwehutachiona husingadi kurapwa nemabhakitiriya. MRSA inotungamira kugara kwenguva refu muchipatara, kuwedzera kwemari yehutano, uye kufa kwakanyanya, kunyanya pakati pevarwere vanorwara zvakanyanya, varwere vanovhiyiwa, uye vagari venguva refu vanochengetwa.
KunzwisisaStaphylococcus aureusuye MRSA
Staphylococcus aureus (SA) ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera hutachiona hunokonzerwa nehutano. Ikoko ine Gram positive coccus inogadzira chepfu dzakasiyana-siyana uye ma enzymes anopinda mumuviri, uye inozivikanwa nekushandisa kwayokupararira kwakakura, kupararira kwakasimba kwezvirwere, uye mwero wekudzivirira kwakanyanyaJini renuclease rinodziya (nuc) ndiro rinonyanya kuchengetedzwa kuti rionekwe neSA.
MRSA inogona kupatsanurwa kuita mhando nhatu zvichienderana nekwakabva:
-MRSA yehutano yakabatana nehutano (HA MRSA)- zvinonyanya kuitika muzvipatara nenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa varwere kwenguva refu
-MRSA yakabatana nenharaunda (CA MRSA)- zvinoitika kunze kwenzvimbo dzehutano
-Zvipfuyo zvine chekuita neMRSA (LA MRSA)
Nzira dzeKutapukirwa uye Kukanganiswa kweMRSA muKliniki
MRSA inogona kupinda mumuviri kuburikidza nemaronda eganda, mafollicle ebvudzi, kana ropa, zvichikonzera hutachiona hwekufema. Varwere vane zvirwere zveganda kana kutsva ndivo vanonyanya kubatwa nehutachiona hweMRSA. Pneumonia ndeimwe yezviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvehutachiona hweMRSA, uye kurapwa kusina kunaka kunokonzera kufa kwakanyanya. Nokudaro, kuongororwa nekurapwa kweMRSA pneumonia kunosangana nematambudziko makuru uye kunoda kutarisirwa kwakasimba.
Kiyi yekudzivirira nekudzivirira hutachiona: Kuongororwa nekukurumidza
Varwere vari muchipatara - kusanganisira vari mumakamuri ekuchengetwa kwakanyanya, mumakamuri ekuvhiyiwa, uye munzvimbo dzinochengetwa kwenguva refu - vari panjodzi huru yekutapukirwa neMRSA. Kuzivikanwa nekukurumidza kweMRSA kana hutachiona kwakakosha pakudzivirira kutapurirana muchipatara, kushandisa matanho ekudzivirira kusangana kwevarwere, uye kuderedza hutachiona hwevanorwara.
Nzira dzekurima dzechinyakare dzinowanzo tora maawa 48-72 kuti dziburitse mhedzisiro. Munguva iyoyo, vanhu vanotakura MRSA vanogona kuva nzira yekutapurirana. Kuongororwa nekukurumidza kwemamorekuru kunopfupisa nguva yekuongorora, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kuonekwa nekukurumidza, kuparadzaniswa nekukurumidza, uye kupindira nekukurumidza.
SA neMRSAKuwanikwa kubva kuMacro & Micro-Test
Yakagadzirirwa kuona nucleic acids kubva kuStaphylococcus aureus uye Staphylococcus aureus isingapindi mishonga yemethicillin musampuli dzemapute emunhu, sampuli dzemhino, uye sampuli dzehutachiona hweganda nenyama yakapfava. Mashandisirwo chaiwo anosanganisira:
-Kudzivirira uye kudzora hutachiona munzvimbo dzehutano- kune varwere vari muchipatara, kusanganisira varwere vanorwara zvakanyanya, varwere vanovhiyiwa, uye varwere vanorwara kwenguva refu
-Kuongororwa kwezvirwere zvekufema- kune varwere vanofungidzirwa kuti vane hutachiona hweSA kana MRSA hwekufema
-Kuongororwa kwezvirwere zveganda nenyama yakapfava kunobatsira paganda- pamwe chete nedzimwe bvunzo dzemurabhoritari dzakadai sekurima mabhakitiriya
Mhinduro Yekuongorora Yepamusoro: AIO800+ SA & MRSA Inozvigadzira Yega POCT System
Macro & Micro-Test's AIO800 fully automated POCT pamwe neSA & MRSA detection kit, chishandiso chinoshanda chekudzivirira nekudzivirira hutachiona muchipatara.
-Mhando dzakawanda dzemienzaniso– Zvinwiwa zvemapundu, mapombi emhino, ganda uye zvipembenene zvenyama yakapfava
-Kushanda kwemabasa otomatiki zvizere- Kurodha zvakananga kubva mumachubhu ekutanga emuenzaniso (1.5mL–12mL); kushandisa nguva shoma, kukanganisa kwevanhu kwakaderera.
-Kunzwa kwakanyanya- Muganho wekuona wakaderera se1000 CFU/mL kune ese ari maviri SA neMRSA
-Mhedzisiro inokurumidza- Inokurumidza kupfuura tsika dzechivanhu, zvichiita kuti hutachiona hutange kupararira
-Mafomati maviri e reagent- Sarudzo dzemvura ne lyophilized dzinokunda matambudziko ekuchengetedza nekutakura
-Yakavakirwa mukati kudzora kusvibiswa- Sisitimu yekudzivirira ine zvidimbu gumi nerimwe (UV, HEPA filtration, paraffin sealing, nezvimwewo)
-Kuenderana kwese kwese- Inoshanda neAIO800 uye mainstream PCR systems
Zvinangwa uye Dudziro yeMhedzisiro
Kiti iyi inoona zvinangwa zviviri:
-nucmajini: jini rakachengetedzwa zvakanyanya uye rakanyatsojeka reStaphylococcus aureus
-mecAmajini: jini guru rinodzivirira methicillin
Dudziro yeMhedzisiro
-SA yakaipa - Hapana Staphylococcus aureus yakawanikwa
-SA yakanaka, MRSA haina kunaka- S. aureus yakawanikwa, jini re mecA harina kuwanikwa
-SA ine hutachiona, MRSA ine hutachiona– Methicillin inodzivirira S. aureus (MRSA) yakawanikwa
Zvinoreva Kutarisirwa Kwevarwere Nehutano Hweveruzhinji
Kugamuchira bvunzo dzekukurumidza dzemamorekuru kunopa mabhenefiti akakosha:
-Kudzora hutachiona zvakanyanya- kuziva nekukurumidza kwevanotakura MRSA kunoita kuti munhu azviparadzanise nenguva uye kunoderedza kutapurirana kwemuchipatara.
-Migumisiro yekurapa iri nani- ruzivo rwekutanga rwezvirwere runotsigira kuita sarudzo dzekiriniki
-Kuongororwa kwezvirwere- kukurumidza kuonekwa kweMRSA, pamwe chete neruzivo rwekiriniki yemurwere, zvinopa ruzivo rwekutanga pamusoro pekwakabva HA MRSA kana CA MRSA, zvichitsigira kutarisa hutachiona muchipatara.
-Rutsigiro rwekutarisira hutachiona- kusimbiswa kana kusashandiswa kweMRSA nekukurumidza kunobatsira kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya isina kukodzera (nguva dzose pamwe chete nekuongorora kwekiriniki)
Kugadzirisa dambudziko reMRSA kunoda nzira yakarongeka inosanganisa matekinoroji epamusoro ekuongorora nemaitiro ekutanga ekudzivirira hutachiona.Zvishandiso zvekuongorora nekukurumidza, matanho anoshanda ekuzviparadzanisa, kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, uye kugara uchitarisainzira dzakaratidzwa dzekudzora MRSA munzvimbo dzehutano.
Wagadzirira kushandura kuongororwa kweSA neMRSA nemuenzaniso chaiwo wemhinduro?
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Mareferensi:
[1] Global Burden of Disease 2021 Vanoshanda Pamwe Chete Nekurwisa Mabhakitiriya. (2024). Mutoro wepasi rose wekudzivirira mabhakitiriya anorwisa utachiona 1990–2021: ongororo yakarongeka ine fungidziro kusvika 2050. The Lancet.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-10-2026