Kubva muna Chivabvu 2022, nyaya dzempox dzakataurwa munyika dzakawanda dzisina chirwere ichi pasi rose dzine kutapurirana kwacho munharaunda.
Musi wa26 Nyamavhuvhu, World Health Organization (WHO) yakatanga chirongwa chepasi rose chekubatsiraKugadzirira Kwakanaka uye Kuronga Kupindurakumisa kubuda kwehutachiona hweMpox kubva kuvanhu kuenda kuvanhu kuburikidza nemabasa akarongeka pasi rose, matunhu, uye enyika. Izvi zvinotevera kuziviswa kwedambudziko rehutano hweveruzhinji rematambudziko epasi rose neMutungamiriri Mukuru weWHO musi wa14 Nyamavhuvhu.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti denda reMpox panguva ino rakasiyana nera2022, iro rainyanya kupararira pakati pevarume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume, uye huwandu hwevakafa nevanhu vane hutachiona hwaive pasi pe1%.
Rudzi rwe "Clade Ib" rwakakurumbira munguva pfupi yapfuura, rwuri rudzi rweClade I, rwune huwandu hwerufu hwakakwira. Rudzi urwu rutsva rwakatanga kupararira muDRC munaGunyana wapfuura, pakutanga pakati pevanoita zvepabonde, uye ikozvino rwapararira kune mamwe mapoka, nevana vachinyanya kubatwa nechirwere ichi.
Mugwaro reAfrica CDC rakataura mumwedzi wapera kuti denda reMpox rakawanikwa munyika gumi dzemuAfrica gore rino, kusanganisira DRC, iyo yakashuma 96.3% yezviitiko zvese muAfrica gore rino uye 97% yevakafa. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti vanhu vanosvika 70% vane chirwere ichi muDRC vana vari pasi pemakore 15, uye boka iri rinoita 85% yevakafa munyika iyi.
Mpox chirwere che zoonosis chinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwe mpox chine nguva yekuzvitakura kwemazuva mashanu kusvika makumi maviri nerimwe, kazhinji mazuva matanhatu kusvika gumi nematatu. Munhu ane hutachiona anenge aine zviratidzo zvakaita sefivha, musoro uye kuzvimba kwema lymph nodes, zvichiteverwa nemapundu pachiso nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, ayo anokura zvishoma nezvishoma kuita mapundu uye anogara kweinenge vhiki asati aita mapundu. Nyaya iyi inotapuriranwa kubva pakutanga kwezviratidzo kusvika mapundu acho adonha ega.
Macro & Micro-Test iri kupa bvunzo dzinokurumidza, makit emolekyulu uye mhinduro dzekutevera kuona hutachiona hwempox, zvichibatsira kuongororwa kwehutachiona hwempox panguva, kutarisa kwahwakabva, dzinza, kutapurirana uye kusiyana kwemajini:
Antigen yehutachiona hweMonkeypoxKiti yekuona (Immunochromatography)
Kutora sampuli kuri nyore (muenzaniso wemvura yerash/pahuro) uye mhedzisiro inokurumidza mukati memaminitsi gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu;
Kunzwa kwakanyanya neLoD ye20pg/mL inofukidza Clade I & II；
Kunyatsojeka kwakanyanya pasina kusangana kwezvirwere nehutachiona hwesmallpox, varicella zoster virus, rubella virus, herpes simplex virus, nezvimwewo.
OPA ye96.4% zvichienzaniswa neNAATs;
Kushandiswa kwakakura kwakadai semutero wemutero, maCDC, ma pharmacy, makiriniki, zvipatara kana kumba.
Kiti yekuona maAntibody eMonkeypox-virus IgM/IgG(Immunochromatographhy)
Kushanda kuri nyore pasina zvishandiso uye mhedzisiro inokurumidza mukati memaminitsi gumi;
Kunzwa kwakanyanya uye kujekesa kunofukidza Clade I & II；
Inoona IgM neIgG kuti isarudze matanho ehutachiona hwepox;
Kushandiswa kwakakura kwakadai semutero wemutero, maCDC, ma pharmacy, makiriniki, zvipatara kana kumba;
Zvakakodzera kuongororwa kwakakura kwehutachiona hunofungidzirwa kuti hunokonzerwa nempox.
Monkeypox Virus Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification)
Kunzwa kwakanyanya neLoD ye200 Copies/mL neIC, zvakaenzana neFlorescence PCR;
Kushanda kuri nyore: Sampuli yakanyungudutswa yakawedzerwa kuchubhu ye reagent yakanyungudutswa kuti iwedzere simba zvakananga kana ichidiwa inogoneswa nemamodule akazvimiririra eEasy Amp System;
Kunyatsojeka kwakanyanya pasina reactivity inosanganisirwa ne smallpox virus, vaccinia virus, cowpox virus, mousepox virus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, uye human genome, nezvimwewo;
Kutora sampuli kuri nyore (rash fluid/oropharyngeal swab) uye mhedzisiro yakanaka nekukurumidza mukati memaminitsi mashanu;
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekiriniki kunosanganisira Clade I & II nePPA ye100%, NPA ye100%, OPA ye100% uye Kappa Value ye1.000 zvichienzaniswa neFluorescence PCR kit;
Shanduro yakapfava inoda kutakurwa nekuchengetwa kwemukamuri chete inoita kuti ive nyore kusvika munzvimbo dzese;
Mamiriro ezvinhu anochinjika mumakiriniki, kuchipatara, pamwe neEasy Amp yekuona kana uchida;
Kiti yeKuona Virus yeMonkeypox Nucleic Acid (Fluorescence PCR)
Majini maviri akatarisana nekunzwa kwakanyanya neLoD yemakopi mazana maviri/mL;
Kuongororwa kwemvura yeganda, mushonga wepahuro neserum zvinochinjika;
Kunyatsojeka kwakanyanya pasina reactivity inosanganisirwa ne smallpox virus, vaccinia virus, cowpox virus, mousepox virus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, uye human genome, nezvimwewo;
Kushanda kuri nyore: kukurumidza kuchenesa sampuli ne reagent yekuburitsa sampuli kuti iwedzere muchubhu ye reaction;
Kuonekwa nekukurumidza: mhedzisiro mukati memaminitsi makumi mana;
Kururama kunovimbiswa nekudzora kwemukati kunotarisira maitiro ese ekuona;
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekiriniki kunosanganisira Clade I & II nePPA ye100%, NPA ye99.40%, OPA ye99.64% uye Kappa Value ye0.9923 zvichienzaniswa ne sequencing;
Shanduro yakapfava inoda kutakurwa nekuchengetwa kwemukamuri chete inoita kuti ive nyore kusvika munzvimbo dzese;
Inoenderana nehurongwa hwePCR hweFluorescence;
Mamiriro ezvinhu anochinjika ezvipatara, maCDC nema laboratori;
Kiti yeKuona Nucleic Acid yeOrthopox Virus Universal Type/Monkeypox Virus (Fluorescence PCR)
Kufukidzwa kwakazara: kunoedza mavhairasi ese mana e orthopox anogona kutapurira vanhu neanowanikwa mu mpox (kusanganisira Clade I&II) muongororo imwe chete kudzivirira kushaikwa kwehutachiona;
Kunzwa kwakanyanya kweLoD yemakopi mazana maviri pa mL;
Kunyatsojeka kwakanyanya pasina kusangana kwezvirwere zvinokonzeresa mapundu akadai seherpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, uye human genome, nezvimwewo;
Kushanda kuri nyore: kukurumidza kuchenesa sampuli ne reagent yekuburitsa sampuli kuti iwedzere kune single tube reaction buffer;
Kuonekwa nekukurumidza: kuwedzera nekukurumidza uye mhedzisiro mukati memaminitsi makumi mana;
Kururama kunovimbiswa nekudzora kwemukati kunotarisira maitiro ese ekuona;
Inoenderana nehurongwa hwePCR hweFluorescence;
Mamiriro ezvinhu anochinjika ezvipatara, maCDC nema laboratori;
Pokisi yeTsuroVirus TypingNucleicAcidhiDkubatwaKizvozvo (Fluorescence PCR)
Panguva imwe chete, zvinoonekwa Clade I neClade II, izvo zvakakosha pakunzwisisa hunhu hwehutachiona, kuronda kutapurirana kwahwo, uye kugadzira matanho ekudzivirira nekudzora.
Kunzwa kwakanyanya kweLoD yemakopi mazana maviri pa mL;
Kuongororwa kwemvura yeganda, swab yemuromo uye serum inochinjika;
Kunyatsojeka kwakanyanya pasina kusangana pakati peClade I neII, zvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzera mapundu akadai seherpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, uye human genome, nezvimwewo;
Kushanda kuri nyore: kukurumidza kuchenesa sampuli ne reagent yekuburitsa sampuli kuti iwedzere kune single tube reaction buffer;
Kuonekwa nekukurumidza: mhedzisiro mukati memaminitsi makumi mana;
Kururama kunovimbiswa nekudzora kwemukati kunotarisira maitiro ese ekuona;
Shanduro yakapfava inoda kutakurwa nekuchengetwa kwemukamuri chete inoita kuti ive nyore kusvika munzvimbo dzese;
Inoenderana nehurongwa hwePCR hweFluorescence;
Mamiriro ezvinhu anochinjika ezvipatara, maCDC nema laboratori;
Gome Rese reTsuro VirusKuonekwaKiti (Multi-PCR NGS)
Monkeypox Virus Whole Genome Detection Kit ichangobva kugadzirwa neMacro & Micro-Test yezviitiko zvakasiyana, pamwe chete neONT nanopore sequencer, inogona kuwana MPXV whole genome sequence nekuvhara kweinenge 98% mukati memaawa masere.
Zviri nyore kushandisa: tekinoroji yekuwedzera nhanho imwe chete ine patent, kutevedzana kwese kwe genome ye mpox virus kunogona kuwanikwa nekuwedzera kwega kwega;
Inonzwisisika uye yakarurama: inoona sampuli dzakaderera kusvika pa32CT, uye 600bp amplicon nanopore sequencing inogona kusangana ne genome yemhando yepamusoro;
Kukurumidza kwazvo: ONT inogona kupedzisa kuungana kwemajini mukati memaawa 6-8;
Kuenderana kwakakura: neONT, Qi Carbon, SALUS Pro, lllumina, MGI nedzimwe nzira huru 2nduye 3rdvatevedzeri vezvizvarwa.
Inonzwa zvakanyanyaJenomu Yese yeVirusi yeTsuroKuonekwaKiti-Illumina/MGI(Multi-PCR NGS)
Nezvehuwandu hukuru hwe2 dziripondma sequencer echizvarwa pasi rose, Macro & Micro-Test yakagadzirawo ma kit anonyanya kunzwa anoenderana nema mainstream sequencers kuti awane low-concentration sample viral genome sequencing;
Kukwidziridza kunoshanda: 1448 mapeya e200bp amplicon ultra-dense primer dhizaini yekuwedzera simba uye kufukidzwa kwakafanana;
Kushanda kuri nyore: Raibhurari yeMpox virus llumina/MGI inogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekuwedzera simba mumaawa mana, kudzivirira matanho akaoma ekuvaka raibhurari uye mari yekushandisa reagent;
Kunzwa kwakanyanya: Inoona masampuli ari pasi pe35CT, zvichidzivirira zvinobudirira mhedzisiro yakaipa inokonzerwa nekuora kwezvidimbu kana nhamba shoma yemakopi;
Kuenderana kwakakura nehukuru 2ndvagadziri vemitambo vakaita seLLlumina, Salus Pro kana MGI;Kusvika pari zvino, vanhu vanodarika mazana mana vakabatwa nechirwere ichi.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-28-2024